Normal neonatal graphoelements

Criteria & assessment

• Monorhythmic delta: 24-34 weeks PMA, up to 200 µV peak-to-peak, stereotyped delta usually occipital, temporal, or central and rarely frontal; typically symmetric, synchronous, and often surface positive.
• Delta brushes: most prominent 24-36 weeks, 0.3-1.5 Hz slow waves at 50-250 µV with superimposed 8-12 or 18-22 Hz activity; peak expression 32-34 weeks, with state distribution changing by PMA and occasional quiet-sleep occurrence through 40 weeks.
• Rhythmic temporal theta: 24-34 weeks, 25-120 µV theta in approximately 2-second temporal bursts, typically symmetric and maximal at 29-32 weeks; similar activity may occur at vertex or occipital sites.
• Anterior dysrhythmia: 32-44 weeks, 50-100 µV frontal delta waves singly or in brief runs, typically symmetric and synchronous.
• Encoches frontales: 34-44 weeks, 50-100 µV broad diphasic frontal transients lasting 0.5-0.75 seconds with small initial negative and larger positive phase; typically symmetric/synchronous and enriched during transition from active to quiet sleep.